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Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, often known as P&S, is a graduate school of Columbia University that is located in the Columbia University Medical Center in the Washington Heights neighborhood of Manhattan. Founded in 1767 by Samuel Bard as the medical department of King's College (now Columbia University), the College of Physicians and Surgeons was the first medical school in the thirteen colonies and hence, the United States, to award the Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) degree. Beginning in 1993, P&S also was the first U.S. medical school to hold a ''White Coat Ceremony''.
According to ''U.S. News and World Report'', P&S is one of the most selective medical schools in the United States based on average MCAT score, GPA, and acceptance rate. In 2011, 6,907 people applied and 1,158 were interviewed for 169 positions in its entering class. The average undergraduate GPA and average MCAT score for successful applicants in 2011 were 3.78 and 35.7, respectively. Columbia is ranked 8th amongst research-oriented medical schools in the United States and ranked 43rd for primary care by ''U.S. News and World Report''. It is currently ranked 5th amongst medical schools in the world by the Academic Ranking of World Universities (Clinical Medicine, 2012).〔(Columbia Medical School ), Academic Ranking of World Universities, Shanghai Ranking. Clinical Medicine, 2012. Retrieved January 7, 2013.〕 The college also has the highest tuition of any private medical school in the United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.usnews.com/education/best-graduate-schools/the-short-list-grad-school/articles/2014/07/08/10-private-medical-schools-with-the-highest-tuition )〕
Columbia is affiliated with New York-Presbyterian Hospital, the nation's 6th-ranked hospital according to ''U.S. News & World Report''.〔("Best Hospitals 2014-15: Overview and Honor Roll" ) ''U.S. News & World Report'' (July 15, 2014)〕
==Curriculum==
Beginning in the fall of 2009, the medical school implemented a new curriculum that differed markedly from more traditional structures. The largest change involved a reduction in the number of preclinical months from twenty-four to eighteen and the expansion of the electives and selectives period to fourteen months. Each student now is required to spend four months working on a scholarly project before graduation.
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